Pernille Rudlin - Rudlin Consulting

About Pernille Rudlin

Pernille Rudlin was brought up partly in Japan and partly in the UK. She is fluent in Japanese, and lived in Japan for 9 years.

She spent nearly a decade at Mitsubishi Corporation working in their London operations and Tokyo headquarters in sales and marketing and corporate planning and also including a stint in their International Human Resource Development Office.

More recently she had a global senior role as Director of External Relations, International Business, at Fujitsu, the leading Japanese information and communication technology company and the biggest Japanese employer in the UK, focusing on ensuring the company’s corporate messages in Japan reach the world outside.

Pernille Rudlin holds a B.A. with honours from Oxford University in Modern History and Economics and an M.B.A. from INSEAD and she is the author of several books and articles on cross cultural communications and business.

Since starting Japan Intercultural Consulting’s operations in Europe in 2004, Pernille has conducted seminars for Japanese and European companies in Belgium, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Switzerland, UAE, the UK and the USA, on Japanese cultural topics, post merger integration and on working with different European cultures.

Pernille is a non-executive director of Japan House London, an Associate of the Centre for Japanese Studies at the University of East Anglia and she is also a trustee of the Japan Society of the UK.

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Here are my most recent posts

Hitachi to sell stake in US air conditioning company Johnson Controls to Bosch

Hitachi has announced a further divestment of its non core businesses with the sale of its 40% stake in the joint venture it has with US company Johnson Controls to Bosch. Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning has multiple operations in the EMEA region, including in Spain, UK, Bulgaria, France, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Turkey and Ukraine.

Its commercial air conditioning business in Japan will be folded into Hitachi’s home appliance business. The home air conditioning production plant in Tochigi, Japan, will be transferred to Bosch.

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Yazaki acquires German JuHa Group

Japanese automotive parts supplier Yazaki has acquired the German mould maker Junker Halverscheid group via its Yazaki EMEA N.V. subsidiary.

The family-owned company JuHa, is a manufacturer of tools and moulds for plastics processing as well as a producer of plastic parts for the automotive industry. It has around 200 employees in Lüdenscheid and has been a supplier to Yazaki EMEA for decades.

Yazaki is also a family owned, privately held company, and is the third largest Japanese employer in the EMEA region, with over 45,000 employees. It has largely grown organically overseas rather than through acquisition.

Sekisui House UK to go into liquidation

Sekisui House UK, which was established in 2018, is to go into liquidation. The company had invested in Urban Splash House Holdings and also made a loan to one of the companies in the group, Port Loop. Seven of the companies in the Urban Splash group went into liquidation in 2022 including Urban Splash House Holdings Ltd, the main development business Urban Splash House Ltd, the modular manufacturing business Urban Splash Modular Ltd, and a development vehicle for the Port Loop development, Port Loop (Subco 1) Ltd.

Urban Splash was hit by the under-use of its factory, which led to losses piling up with the problems compounded by design issues which resulted in defects in the homes it produced.

It seems Sekisui refused to bail the company out once a shortfall was identified.

Kyokuyo acquires stakes in European seafood companies

Tokyo-listed seafood company Kyokuyo has bought a majority interest in Northseafood Holland as part of its strategy to establish an overseas processing presence.

Its Kyokuyo Europe subsidiary, also Netherlands based, will acquire a majority stake in NSF Holding, the parent company of NS Holland.

Kyokuyo also took a majority stake in Turkey’s Kocaman Fisheries Export and Import Trade in January.

There have been quite a few acquisitions by Japanese companies of European seafood processors in recent years – for example Maruha Nichiro, Nippon Suisan and Marubeni.

Sumitomo Electric Industries to acquire majority of Germany’s Südkabel

Sumitomo Electric will acquire 90% of the shares of Südkabel, a 120 year old cable manufacturer Mannheim, in order to fully localize the production and construction of high voltage direct current cable systems in Germany. The acquisition process is currently expected to be completed as of October 1st this year, subject to regulatory approvals.

Two major HVDC cable projects, Korridor B V49 and part of the Rhein-Main-Link project, with a total project value of more than EUR 3 billion, have been awarded to Sumitomo Electric, which will be anchor projects to pave the way for a climate neutral energy system in Germany.

SEI also announced in May the construction of a high-voltage submarine cable factory in the UK.

Sumitomo Electric Industries is the largest Japanese employer in the Europe, Middle East and Africa region, employing 75,000 people, largely due to its wire harness manufacturing for the automotive sector. It acquired the British company Lucas in 1990, Italian Cabind Automotive in 2001 and Volkswagen Bordnetze GmbH in 2006. Südkabel used to be part of ABB, and employs around 300 people. This new acquisition shows a diversification away from the automotive into the energy sector – a trend common across many Japanese companies with operations in the region – a similar much larger scale acquisition being Hitachi’s acquisition of ABB’s power grid business.

Hitachi Energy to expand operations in Sweden

Hitachi Energy has announced it will invest $4.5bn in its Swedish and Indian operations over the next three years. Hitachi Energy is the product of Hitachi’s acquisition in 2020 of ABB’s power grids business. ABB was itself the product of the merger of the Swiss Brown, Boveri & Cie and the Swedish Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget in 1988.

In Sweden the investment will go towards expanding an existing factory and building a new plant, which will include a research and development center. It is expected the investment in Sweden and India will lead to an additional 3,500 employees. Hitachi Energy already has over 1,000 employees in Sweden.

Fujikura to close AFL Telecommunications Europe in UK

It has just been disclosed in their latest annual report that AFL Telecommunications Europe will close. The company manufactured and distributed fibre optic cables in Swindon, UK, employing nearly 100 people. AFL Telecommunications was acquired from Alcoa by America Fujikura in 2005. The decision to close was made in March 2024, and after consultation, it was decided to wind up the company by the end of 2024.

AFL Telecommunications continues to be headquartered in the USA, and has subsidiaries AFL Telecommunications UK (formerly FibreFab, acquired in 2013 – which develops, assembles and sales fibre optic components and data networking products), AFL Telecommunications GmbH in Germany and AFL Telecommunications Poland Sp. z.o.o. in Poland – a manufacturing operation which was opened in 2023.

UPDATE: Italian company Tratos Cavi has acquired AFL Telecommunications Europe and UK as of 3 July 2024

Mitsubishi Materials to acquire German tungsten powder producer H.C. Starck

Mitsubishi Materials is to acquire Germany tungsten powder producer H.C. Starck Holdings from its current owner, Vietnamese conglomerate Masan for $134m. Tungsten is used in carbide tools for making auto engine and aircraft components and is already a product line for Mitsubishi Materials in the USA and China. It will become one of the largest suppliers globally with this acquisition.

H.C. Starck employs 540 people at three production sites in Germany, Canada and China plus sales offices in the U.S. and Japan. MMC has several hundred employees in Europe in a range of companies including previous acquisitions such as Luvata.

Another subsidiary of H.C. Starck, in the ceramics sector, was acquired by Kyocera in 2019.

Asahi Kasei to acquire Swedish drugmaker Calliditas

Asahi Kasei has made a cash offer to acquire Sweden’s Calliditas Therapeutics in a deal worth 11.16 billion Swedish crowns ($1.06 billion). Calliditas has full FDA approval for its primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) treatment Tarpeyo and is listed on Nasdaq in New York and Stockholm.

Asahi Kasei already owns several companies in Europe, employing around 650 people, stemming from various acquisitions made since 2012, but is mainly known for chemicals related building materials such as insulation, coating and rubber. It states that this acquisition is to establish a presence in Europe (presumably in pharmaceuticals), initially focused on R&D; and to expand the scope of its in-licensing and new drug development opportunities.

Calliditas has around 200 employees with offices in Sweden, France, US and Switzerland.

Top 30 Japanese companies in EMEA – not much growth in 2023

We have finalised the Top 30 rankings for the largest Japanese employers in the Europe, Middle East and Africa region (download available below). As before, the extent to which Japanese companies take the UN Sustainable Development Goals pretty seriously has had a noticeably positive effect on disclosure of data and transparency. But there are still some laggards in terms of the metric we focus on, which is the number and location of employees outside of Japan.

Overall, the year from 2021/2 to 2022/3 has been one of very little growth for Japanese companies in Europe.

83% of companies have the majority of their staff overseas

More often than not, the detail on human resources in terms of diversity and inclusion in the various sustainability reports published by Japan headquarters is all about employees in Japan. And yet, 83% of the companies in our rankings have more than 50% of their employees overseas. Those with less than 50% of employees overseas are the ICT companies – NTT, Fujitsu and NEC, along with Toyota and Asahi Glass. In some cases no clear figures were given for Japan and overseas employees, so we estimated them based on employee numbers give for consolidated (Japan and overseas) and non-consolidated (which we took to be the Japan parent company).

The non-disclosers

NTT does not disclose the number and location of its staff, which is perhaps excusable as the huge consolidation and reorganisation of its group companies and overseas acquisitions is still working its way through.

The two recruitment giants, Outsourcing and Recruit are notably lacking in transparency on employee numbers. The excuse may be that is difficult to calculate numbers on a consistent basis, given that in some countries, temporary workers on their books will count as employees. Outsourcing has had to delist from the Tokyo Stock Exchange and may be bought out by Bain, following investigation for fraud and inflating revenues and expenses. We estimate Outsourcing is now the second largest Japanese corporate employer in Europe, after Sumitomo Electric Industries, pushing Yazaki to third place.

The other companies who do not disclose regional data on employees are Sony, Toyota Tsusho, Japan Tobacco, Dentsu, Toyota Industries, Kyocera, Mitsubishi Electric and Mitsubishi Corporation. Japan Tobacco does not even disclose how many employees are outside Japan at all. Some estimate can be made by looking at the employee numbers given for each location, on their website however.

No growth?

The lack of data from Outsourcing makes it very difficult to estimate the trend for the whole Top 30. We think their acquisitions in Europe over 2018 to 2021 may have grown the European workforce to 48,000. If we assume that this held level in 2022/3, then there are around 629,000 employees working for the biggest Japanese companies across the region and growth was only around 1%.

The only companies who grew significantly in the region from FY 2021/2 to FY 2022/3 were Daikin (10%) and Dentsu (6%). Shrinkage was noticeable in the automotive sector – Nissan (-22%) . Toyota Motor (-5%) and Toyota Industries (-6%). Honda has dropped out of the Top 30 since the closure of manufacturing in the UK, but has shrunk further by 3%. NSG, which supplies automotive glass, has shrunk by 5% over the year.

The influence of Europe through acquisitions

The total employed in EMEA as a proportion of all employees in the Top 30 companies is 16%. Those companies with significantly above that proportion of employees in EMEA are NSG, Outsourcing, Japan Tobacco, Toyota Tsusho and the Asahi Group. The Asahi Group acquired many beer and alcohol brands in Europe around eight years ago, which was also when Toyota Tsusho acquired CFAO, a France headquartered company with substantial operations in Africa. NSG acquired Pilkington in 2006 and Japan Tobacco acquired Gallaher in 2007.

The lack of any large scale acquisitions since 2021 is undoubtedly one of the factors behind the lack of growth of Japanese companies in the region.

Click the link below for a pdf (£3 + VAT) of the Top 30 Japanese employers in the EMEA region, showing ranking in 2022 and 2023, total global employees, % of employees overseas and number employed in EMEA:

DOWNLOAD OF TOP 30 JAPANESE COMPANIES IN EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA

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